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Frameworks for Policy Analysis: Merging Text and Context

DOC Frameworks for Policy Analysis: Merging Text and Context by Raul Lejano in Arts-Photography

Description

Art Journal Color! Art Journal Composition! Art Journal Freedom! Color is all around us and we often find ourselves drawn to particular combinations or arrangements. But how can you effectively and artistically capture those eye-catching compositions in your art journal? Its true; art journaling has no "rules" and is a safe place for free expression of your one-of-a-kind life. But knowledge is power and knowing the "rules" of color and composition gives you the freedom to use and break them willfully to create the effects you want. Dina shares these principles in a fun and approachable way with dozens upon dozens of unique journal pages to show you just some of the many possibilities. Inside You Will Find: Lessons and tips about composition and color including dominance and repetition; symmetry; contrast and the power of black and white. 10 step-by-step technique demonstrations. Dozens of color and design tips and page challenges.


#783448 in eBooks 2013-02-01 2013-02-01File Name: B00B9KCO8Q


Review
0 of 0 people found the following review helpful. Look Deeper; Understand BetterBy Bur OakThis is an important and well cited document in academia. The text is not dense; well written; and a fairly easy read. Because of its unique experimental design in the investigation; I am sure to show it to my graduate students as a case study in research metrics. There are several perspectives concerning environmental perception and evaluation. Much of the world employs the use of experts to determine the contents and structure of the built environment; from Vitruvius; to Palladio; to Frank Lloyd Wright. When reading this document; there are three caveats. First this work is based upon the beliefs about space by experts (some of the most noted world experts). However; some studies have shown that planning and design experts may not comprehend or assess space in a manner similar to the public. The reader should not assume that the preferences of experts are the preferences of the public. Second; the results in this document are primarily a validation concerning the consistency of experts to judge space based upon their own criteria. In other words; the the study reveals that experts in this study were reliable in predicting the their own values to evaluate space. The study is similar to a team creating an index and then using the variables in the index to corroborate the index-- a self-fulfilling prophecy. In most regression studies; the independent variables are not normally used to construct the dependent variable; and then after construction of the dependent variable; regressed to show that the independent variables do indeed predict the dependent variable. However this approach is an excellent way to get large r-squared values and significant predictors. Third; the range of spaces examined (streetscapes) in the study is relatively narrow (view the range of images in the document). When employing scales and equations to measure the universal appeal of environments from highly desirous to very undesirable; most of the images presented in the book might rate on the less desirable side. So the reader should not confuse preferred streetscapes with preferred environments. Across the full dimension of environmental preference; the more preferred streetscapes might possibly be only somewhat more preferred than the least preferred streetscapes. Still this book is worth reading and studying. Landscape metrics are in their formative early stages. Many more studies refuting and corroborating the ideas presented in the book will follow. Reid Ewing is a productive investigator and may have more to offer on the subject of environmetnal metrics.6 of 6 people found the following review helpful. Interesting conclusions but very hard to readBy Michael LewynThis book is quite difficult; chock full of unexplained references to "Coefficients" and "p-values"; as a result; I think a reader who (like me) is not particularly familiar with the use of statistics in the social sciences misses a lot.Nevertheless; I did get something out of this book. What this book tries to do is (1) create a quantiative measure of a places aesthetic appeal to pedestrians (in the first few chapters) and (2) see how closely these measurements correlate to which New York city blocks are actually most used by pedestrians.The authors showed video clips of various streets to urban design experts; asking experts their opinions about which streets were walkable and why. Based on the experts views; the authors focused on a few major factors; including: imageability (how memorable is the street?); enclosure (do pedestrians feel enclosed by street walls and buildings?); human scale (do pedestrians feel dwarfed by buildings?); transparency (is it clear whats going on in the street or do blank walls hide it?); and complexity (is the street monotonous or diverse?).A second set of researchers visited a sample of New York streets in all five boroughs; and then measured pedestrian traffic on each of these streets. Surprisingly; three of the five variables had little relationship to actual pedestrian traffic. Human scale was slightly related; and only transparency was strongly related. What is transparency? In large part; "the proportion of active uses at street level" (as well as the existence of a street wall and windows). In other words; where theres lots of stuff for pedestrians to visit ("active uses"); pedestrians will visit them. So it appears that many of the more aesthetic qualities of streets dont affect pedestrian interest very much.

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