Essay from the year 2008 in the subject Geography / Earth Science - Demographics; Urban Management; Planning; grade: 1.5; University of Westminster; language: English; abstract: In recent years the privatisation of public space has become the subject of much discussion and debate among critics of todayrsquo;s urban development. In the United Kingdom and throughout the world; the appearance of our cities is being transformed by public space privatisation. In other parts of Europe this topic is becoming a very contemporary and controversial issue as well. As one of the biggest cities in Germany; Hamburg shows processes of privatisation of public space. Its current HafenCity project reveals one of the biggest regeneration projects managed from and financed by private and public sources.What do we mean by the privatisation process and what are its benefits and disadvantages toward the quality of urban living?Privatisation describes the process of change within the management and ownership of open spaces. It is perceived as a part of Post-modernism and the post-modern city; where the ldquo;city provides the context for the social; economic and cultural changes brought about by the globalised new economyrdquo; (Minton; A. (2006) p. 5). Corporate governance in shopping malls; business parks; entertainment complexes and business improvement districts can be seen as part of this progression. The trend towards community or joint private ownership of assets such as community centres and parks is an element of the progressive privatisation of public spaces which reduces the pool of openly shared public spaces in towns and cities. Membership passes and fees can be used to regulate who uses the facility and how the spaces are utilised.Traditionally we differentiate public spaces in terms of the rules of access; the source and nature of control over entry and rules of use. Therefore a place is public when anyone can enter it and no restrictions; other than Common Law and public safety to behaviour or use of the place is given. Public space is commonly understood as a state owned open space free of regulations; which this essay will discuss.
#2682640 in eBooks 2013-01-28 2013-01-28File Name: B00AW999YM
Review
31 of 31 people found the following review helpful. a must for anyone who wishes to paint birdsBy A CustomerMs.Nelsons step by step;part by part;instructions keeps ones focus on one detail at a time;and almost makes a bird appear magicaly.I paint with acrylics;and have successfully used her patterns and tecniques.Now I am able to go on to paint birds useing my own field study photo.3 of 3 people found the following review helpful. Good guideBy Michelle DunnI bought this book because I have recently started painting again and wanted some additional instruction. My first project out of this book was the Downy Woodpecker with the tulips. I followed the instructions and the photos in the book; I did not have all of the colors she used so had to improvise a bit but I think my painting came out pretty good. I cant add a photo here but did post one on my blog and art Facebook page if anyone wants to see how the finished painting came out. http://artbymichelle.wordpress.com/2013/05/31/downy-woodpecker-with-tulips-painting/ or facebook.com/PaintingByMichelleI am going to try more projects from this book; it was very easy and very good instructions; if you get a little lost in the directions you can refer back to the color photo. This helped me quite a bit. I did notice on the tulip instructions; that the instructions ended with the leaves and did not talk about painting the stems of the flowers; but it is not hard to do using the photo.1 of 1 people found the following review helpful. Just What I Was Looking ForBy Sandra VanI purchased this book and I have not been disappointed. Clear concise instuctions; list of supplies and also patterns to use for the beautiful birds and flowers. I am so glad I purchased this book. If you want to learn how to oil paint birds and make them look realistic with feathers and all---this is the book. I love to oil paint but I am bad at drawing. This book also includes patterns for each project. I am going to paint all of the projects in this book because they are all so stuning.